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| Mountain Villa with Embracing Beauty ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Mountain Villa with Embracing Beauty
The Mountain Villa with Embracing Beauty () is a Chinese garden located on 272 Jingde Rd., inside the Embroidery Museum in Suzhou, Jiangsu, China. In 1997, it was recognized with other classical Suzhou gardens as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
==History==
The history of the Mountain Villa with Embracing Beauty may date back to the Jin dynasty (265–420), when Education Minister Wang Xun (王旬) and his brother Wang Min (王珉) donated their residential house to build Jingde Temple (景德寺). Later during Five Dynasties era, it became ''Jingu Garden'' (金谷园), owned by Qian Yuanliao (钱元璙), son of the emperor of Wuyue Kingdom, Qian Liu. In the Song dynasty, it was the pharmaceutical garden of Zhu Changwen (朱长文), a scholar. In following centuries, it was rebuilt several times. In the Jiajing era of the Ming dynasty, it became the Xuedao Academy of Classical Literature (学道书院), and later, the office of provisions supervisor. In 1573, it was the residence of Grand Councilor, Sheng Shixing (申时行). In the late Ming dynasty and early Qing dynasty, his descendant, Sheng Jikui (申继揆), built ''Qu Garden'' (蘧园) here.
During the Qianlong era of the Qing dynasty, it was the residence of Jiang Ji (蒋楫), director of Jurisdiction Department. Jiang built ''Qiuzi Tower'' (求自楼), and piled stones to form a rockery behind it. He dug the ground to three feet, and a spring emerged and created a pond, called ''Flying Snow'' (飞雪). Other houses and pavilions were also erected. The garden subsequently was owned by Bi Yuan (毕沅), the Imperial Secretary of State, and Sun Shiyi, the Chief Counselor. Sun's grandson Sun Jun, in 1807, asked rockery master Ge Yuliang (戈裕良) to rebuild this garden. Ge built the rockery within a field of half ''mu'' (0.08 acre) while the effect was overwhelming as if it spread for many ''li''. The garden gained its reputation for its rockery ever since. Wang Zhou, Director of Works, bought the garden and renamed it ''Mountain Villa of Embraced Beauty''. In 1949 the garden became property of the government and in 1988 was declared a major historic site.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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